Means for securing dowels, tenons, etc., in mortises



Mar. 13,- 1923. 1,148,318

L J. STONE J 4 MEANS 'FOR SECURING DOWELS, TENONS, ETC., IN MORTISES Filed Mar. 26,1921

g g I i m I 51mm.-

I .Zie JJlaue Kips Patented Mar. 13, 1923.

LE'o' J; w om-1.01; snooir 'nviv," Yoga ,5

MEAivs'roR sscesme novrE'Ls, m ll ons, ETC: IN MORTISES.

To aZZ w/wmit may/concern. I Beit known that I, LEO J. STONE, a citizen of the UnitedStat'es, residing 'in the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, city and State of New York, have-invented certain' new and useful Improvements in Means for Securing Dowels, Tenons, Etc, in Mortises, of which the following is a specificag tion.

My inventionis designed to afford a simple, inexpensive mechanical e-Xpedientwhereby wooden or similar compressible tenons, dowels etc., may be positively clinched and locked in the mortises formed 1 for their reception, superceding or supplementing the usual method of gluing or, cementing such male parts within their mortises.

WVhile utilizable in conjunction with mor5 tise joints generally, my clincher-insert is especially efiicacious and adaptable for use in the manufacture of furniture; orv for analogous purposes of construction and manufacture where shrinkage of tenon or dowel is liable to occur, resultant from long use, climatic conditions, the deterioration of glue or cement heretofore relied upon as binding means, undue strain, and various other reasons.

My invention consists essentially of a mortise insert formed with a base adapted to contact with the sides of'the mortise for which it is provided, and to centralize and maintain the alignment of the wedge part of the insert in such manner that a portion of a dowel or tenon of wood or other compressible material forced into the mortise will be split, spread and compacted into rigid contactual engagement with the sides of said mortise, thereby practically clinching the tenon or dowel within its mortise, as and for the purposes herein set forth.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1, is a perspective view of a mortise insert made in accordance with my inven tion;

Fig. 2, is a top view thereof; I

Fig. 3, is a view of the under side thereof;

Fig. 4, is an edge elevation thereof;

Fig. 5, is an edge elevation thereof taken at right angles to Fig. 4;

Fig. 6, is a top view of the insert showing a modification of base construction thereof;

Fig. 7, is a sectional view showingthe use of my mortise insert as ameansof se curing a dowel pin inmortises formed in superposed partsto beunited thereby v Fig. 8, is a top view of a clincher insert having'a base formed to fit in a square tenon mortise; i v

Fig.9, is a similar view of a clincher insert having a. base adapted to fit in an elongate rectangular tenon-mortise; Fig; 10,, is sectional view showin'gimy clincher insert as appli'edtoa tenon mortise Fig. 111; is'a' top view of a mo'dification'in the structure of my:clii1cher1 insert; I i

Fig. 12,-is an edgeelevation of the-aclincher insertshown in Fig.- 11.'

. \ly cl-' ncher insert C, is preferably' metalg lie, and is designed primarily, of course; for use. in connection witlr wooden m'ate'r1al, al-

though available wherevera tenon or dowelv of:- conipressible:character" is employed in ef fecting' a; mortise" j oint, whether the mortise be formed: in compressible material, or, rela' tively speaking, in" non-compriessible= mate j rial. That is to say, my clincher insert C,

may beused in a metallic socket, provided the tenon T, or dowel D, to be secured therein is penetrable and compressible so as to function as herein described.

A distinctive feature of my clincher insert C, is its spacer-base 6, adapted to fit, in whole or in part, the cross section of the mortise m, for which it is designed. In other words, the main function ofthe base his to space from the mortise'walls and centralize the wedge Kw, as related to the medialarea of' the mortise m, into which my clincherinsert C, is inserted; and this .it does by contacting with the side walls, of the mortise m, in such manner as to obviate any possibility of looseness or play of the insert therein. Thus, if the mortise m, is cylindrical in shape, obviously a round base 5, as shown in the first five figures of the drawings will answer the purpose; or a like, result may be attained by a base 6, formed with bearing edges 5, as indicated in Figs. 6 and 12,'for

Thus, in the construction of a 3 s the four'radial portions thereof will insure a a proper spacing fit of the clincher insert in a cylindrical mortise, as will also the peripherally segmental portions Z), I), of the base 6, shown in Fig. 11. Or in the case of a square or oblong rectangular mortise. for a tenon T, of like configuration an essentially square or oblong rectangular base I), such as indicated in Figs. 8 and 9, will answer the purpose.

In any case,'as before intimated, the main function of the base I), is to centralize and sustain the wedge w, in the mortise m, so that the edge e, of said wedge w, will contact medially with the end of a tenon T, or dowel D, inserted in the mortise, as the case may be.

The edge e, of the wedge w, is made sharp and chisel-like to facilitate penetration into the opposed end of a tenon T, or dowel D, so that the act of forcing the saidtenon T, or dowel D, into the mortise results in the splitting of said impinging end of the tenon or dowel in such manner that the inclined survfaces ot' the wedge w, will compress, and

generally, so that I do not limit myself in this particular.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

1. As an article of manufacture, a mortise insert comprising a metallic wedge formed with a base adapted to snugly fit a mortise to centralize the wedge with reference to the mortise, for use with a compressible dowel or tenon to initially split and then compress and tightenthe dowel or tenon forced into the mortise, whereby the dowel or tenon is held against outward movement by the direct frictional contact of the compressed portion thereof with the walls of the mortise.

2. In a joint, the combination of a member provided with a projecting compressible tenon, a member provided with a mortise snugly receiving said tenon, and a mortise insert having a base snugly fitting said mortise to centralize theinsert with reference to the mortise, the said insert having a sharpened edge penetrating, spreading and localizing said tenon and compressing the latter against the walls of the mortise, whereby the tenon. is held against outward movement by the direct frictional contact of the compressed portion thereof with the walls of the mortise.

LEO J. STONE. 1

Witnesses GEO. "WM. MIATT, DOROTHY MIATT. 

